Reduction and refinement choices
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Choices, Frameworks and Refinement
We present a method for designing operating systems as an object-oriented framework of generalized, abstract components. The framework is specialized into further subframeworks to implement subqystems of the operating system. Each subframework introduces constraints and relationships between the abstract classes of the components. The constraints are inherited by the instantiations of the frame...
متن کاملDiagonal Matrix Reduction over Refinement Rings
Abstract: A ring R is called a refinement ring if the monoid of finitely generated projective R- modules is refinement. Let R be a commutative refinement ring and M, N, be two finitely generated projective R-nodules, then M~N if and only if Mm ~Nm for all maximal ideal m of R. A rectangular matrix A over R admits diagonal reduction if there exit invertible matrices p and Q such that PAQ is...
متن کاملA refinement of prudent choices
We charaterize the choice correspondences that can be rationalized by a procedure that is a refinement of the prudent choices exposed in [Houy, 2008]. Our characterization is made by means of the usual expansion axiom and by a weakening of the usual contraction axiom α.
متن کاملReplacement, reduction and refinement.
In 1959, William Russell and Rex Burch published "The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique". They proposed that if animals were to be used in experiments, every effort should be made to Replace them with non-sentient alternatives, to Reduce to a minimum the number of animals used, and to Refine experiments which used animals so that they caused the minimum pain and distress. These guidin...
متن کاملBalancing reduction and refinement.
The classic Russell & Burch1 sequence of applying the Three Rs first examines how to replace the use of the animal, followed by how to reduce numbers through good experimental design. Then ways to minimise pain and distress (and improve animal welfare) through refinements are considered. If this sequence is followed slavishly, there is a risk that the drive to reduce animal numbers will oversha...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances
سال: 2019
ISSN: 2053-2733
DOI: 10.1107/s0108767319096673